Blood pressure in hypertension

High blood pressure in hypertension is the main criterion for chronic hypertension, which requires immediate treatment. Keep in mind that slight fluctuations in blood pressure may occur throughout the day; this is normal. But if the high level remains at a high level for a long time or the pressure fluctuates with a very large difference, then this is hypertension.

What is the blood pressure of hypertensive patients?

Blood pressure in humans is expressed by two indicators: upper or systolic, and lower (diastolic). In adults, normal blood pressure should range from 120/80 to 129/84 mmHg. Symptoms that indicate the disease:

• headache in the back of the head;
• insomnia;
• dizziness;
• fainting;
• pain in the heart area;
• goosebumps or circles before the eyes.

For hypertensive patients, the criteria differ depending on the stage of the disease, as shown in the table:

Hypertension level	Pressure reading mm Hg. Art.	symptoms	Treatment
Lightweight	From 140 to 90 to 160 to 100	Blood pressure increases periodically due to stress Headache	Diet Normalization of lifestyle
Simple	160/100—180/110	Enlargement of the left ventricle of the heart Dizziness Pass out	Medicines Light exercise Diet
heavy	Above 180/110	Stroke Heart attack Cardiac arrhythmias Nose bleed	Effective medicine Strict diet

Hypertension is more dangerous than low blood pressure. You should also be careful with pathology due to the fact that in the early stages there are almost no symptoms. Late detection of the problem threatens the disruption of internal organ function and prolonged treatment.

How to measure to get reliable results?

Blood pressure measurements must be taken correctly; the accuracy of the results will depend on this. Basic rules for taking measurements:

• Take measurements before meals, 3 times a day.
• The patient's hands should be at heart level.
• The cuff of the device should be in contact with the skin, but not too tight, so that the index finger can be placed between the cuff and the skin. You need to inflate quickly and deflate slowly.
• 30 minutes before the procedure, do not smoke, drink coffee, tea or alcohol.
• During the measurement, do not talk or strain your hands.
• It is best to take measurements on both hands. In this case, the difference between left and right usually does not exceed 10%.

The main method of prevention

In order to prevent and maintain normal blood pressure, you need to follow simple requirements:

• monitor fluctuations in body weight;
• the amount of salt used should not be more than 5 g per day;
• Do simple exercises every day;
• remove alcohol and nicotine from use;
• add fresh fruits and vegetables in your daily diet.

Proper treatment of high blood pressure

You can stabilize blood pressure, and sometimes completely get rid of this disease, in various ways: traditional or medical. At home, you can lower your blood pressure with teas and tinctures. Drug treatment should be used very carefully and after consulting a doctor. With some medications, blood pressure drops quickly. Medicines are divided into groups shown in the table.

Drug group	Guidance	Contraindications
ACE inhibitors	Co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease For complex treatment	Chronic kidney disease Allergic reaction
Sartans	Atrial fibrillation Diabetic nephropathy Intolerance to ACE inhibitors	Almost no side effects Pregnancy
Beta blockers	Heart rhythm disorders Angina pectoris	Chronic lung disease
Diuretic	To remove excess fluid from the body, helps lower blood pressure diabetes	Hypokalemia: long-term use of drugs removes beneficial substances from the body
Quick action	To relieve symptoms quickly With complex treatment	Individual intolerance to drug components